A number of drug classes are used in the treatment of patients with heart failure. This illustrated Back to Basics poster describes the various drugs and their mechanisms of action to give health care professionals and their patients a greater understanding of heart failure management and where sacubitril/valsartan fits into the picture.
Back to Basics: Heart failure treatments: mechanisms of action
Back to Basics: The neurohormonal system in the pathophysiology of heart failure
This useful Back to Basics poster describes the damaging changes that take place in three key body systems when HF with reduced ejection fraction is left untreated. The sympathetic nervous system, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and the natriuretic peptide system all undergo significant pathophysiological changes as HF progresses.
Improving anticoagulation in patients with atrial fibrillation
A new case study shows the significant reduction in atrial fibrillation-related stroke incidence achieved using the GRASP-AF audit tool. The case study, highlights improvements in key measures including a 4% reduction in the number of patients treated inappropriately, a 5% increase in the use of oral anticoagulation therapy and a 10% reduction in AF-related strokes.
New international survey highlights education needs in cholesterol management
The European Atherosclerosis Society has conducted a survey to assess the general public’s understanding of cholesterol. Professor Mike Kirby summarizes the survey findings and highlights the importance of a clear and constant focus on the JBS3 2014 consensus recommendations.
PCSK9 inhibition in lipid management
Two injectable antibody-based therapies inhibiting the activity of PCSK9 – alirocumab and evolucumab – have recently been licensed. This paper reviews the current status of lipid management, the actions of PCSK9, and the clinical trial results achieved with PCSK9 inhibitors in early studies.
Promoting best practice in COPD management
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) has a major impact on the health and quality of life of patients and there is often co-morbidity with cardiovascular disease. Well planned and structured training for the primary care team could have a major impact on outcomes.
The five key jobs for general practice after a myocardial infarction
The updated NICE guideline on post-myocardial infarction care (CG 172) provides a benchmark for primary care. In this article, Ivan Benett and Jennifer Yung highlight the five key tasks for general practice in caring for someone who has suffered a heart attack.
Gender and quality of life in COPD: A systematic review
Morbidity and mortality for women with COPD is increasing. This systematic review uncovers how women seem to experience COPD differently to men, and helps health care professionals to provide an individualised approach to caring for these patients.
An innovative strategy for the management of chronic heart failure
A large amount of evidence points to the effectiveness of optimising primary care heart failure management in reducing referral to hospital and improving outcomes for patients. This article describes the changes made in a primary care practice that has resulted in measurable difference for the primary care team and their patients.
How to improve AF-related stroke prevention
Recent guidelines recommend two key steps to reduce ischaemic stroke in people with atrial fibrillation: 1. Improving the assessment of stroke risk and 2. Increasing the use of evidence-based anticoagulant therapy. In this article, leading specialists explain how to apply current guidelines to improve current practice in stroke prevention.
Health-related quality of life among atrial fibrillation patients at diagnosis and one year later
Therapeutic interventions in atrial fibrillation primarily aim at reducing symptoms and improving or maintaining patients’ health-related quality of life (HRQoL). As most studies in this area have focused on randomised trial populations with highly symptomatic patients, this large observational study aims to assess HRQoL in a typical UK general practice setting.
Optimising medical therapy for stable angina patients
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has no benefit over optimising medical therapy (OMT) in the management of patients with chronic stable angina. Guidelines recommend an initial OMT approach; however, the use of medicines remains suboptimal. The aim of this study was to test whether a primary care clinical pharmacist service could enhance the management of patients with chronic stable angina.