Transient ischaemic attack (TIA) is a powerful warning sign of an impending, and potentially disabling, stroke. It is important to understand differences between stroke and TIA, how the FAST test can help you recognise the signs, and the use of the ABCD2 score to assess the level of stroke risk. Treating TIAs as emergencies is critically important in preventing a full stroke so urgent referral to your local TIA service is best practice.