In our Contraception and Sexual Health service, we continue to receive a small but steady stream of GP referrals requesting a change of intrauterine device (IUCD) or intrauterine system (IUS) for women with actinomyces-like organisms (ALOs) on their cervical smear report. All of the women have been asymptomatic and happy with their IUCD/IUS. It is time that we cleared up continuing confusion about the implications of colonisation with ALOs to protect women from unnecessary and potentially harmful changes of contraceptive device.
The 60-year-old woman who is unwilling to stop HRT
While many women are anxious about starting hormone replacement therapy (HRT), practitioners who regularly see and advise women about menopause increasingly have to address the issue of when to stop HRT. Is there a time when HRT suddenly becomes dangerous? If so, at what age? 58? 60? 70? And what about the woman who is adamant she does not want to stop?
Sponsored Feature: Heralding the ultimate cholesterol lowering plan (UCLP) – the renaissance of dietary management of raised cholesterol
Coronary heart disease (CHD) affects over 2.8 million people and is the main cause of death in the UK.1,2 CHD is also economically damaging, imposing a huge annual burden, with healthcare costs estimated to be around £3.3 billion.2 Two-thirds of the population could reduce their risk significantly by lowering their cholesterol levels – the main modifiable risk factor. The Ultimate Cholesterol Lowering Plan (UCLP) is a revolutionary approach that provides the nation with a truly realistic and achievable dietary plan that can significantly reduce the current CHD epidemic.
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Fit a vaginal pessary for pelvic organ prolapse
Pelvic organ prolapse is common, affecting about one third of women during their lives. Most women are asymptomatic, but prolapse can be serious enough to need referral for surgery. The good news is that vaginal ring pessaries can improve prolapse symptoms and restore quality of life for most women seeking help from their GP or practice nurse.
Emergency contraception: the right choice at the right time
Until recently, there were two options for emergency contraception after unprotected sex or contraceptive failure: an oral progestogen-only tablet, and the copper-containing intrauterine device. These have now been joined by a new oral method, and this article reviews the three options in light of changing guidance on emergency contraception.
Editorial
For anyone working in the NHS, it has been a tumultuous few months. We were all gearing up to the establishment of GP consortia by 2013. Now the pace of change has slowed following the Government’s acceptance of the NHS Future Forum’s recommendations. This gives us all time to pause and remember that meeting the needs of our patients should be our first priority, and that this depends critically on the knowledge and skills of all NHS professionals.
Dealing with sexual assault in primary care
Sexual assault is common. All sections of society are affected, and victims may be men, women or children. Patients attending primary care may have no intention of reporting their assault to the police. But a trusted GP or practice nurse can ensure that victims receive appropriate specialist care through local Sexual Assault Referral Centres (SARCs).
Cervical screening: time for HPV testing
The NHS Cervical Screening Programme is universally lauded as a success story, preventing an estimated 2,000 deaths a year from cervical cancer in the UK. The programme continues to be refined in light of new evidence, and the latest development is the introduction of human papilloma virus (HPV) testing alongside cytology.
American College of Cardiology Annual Scientific Sessions
Preventing and treating bone disorders in chronic kidney disease
Chronic kidney disease mineral and bone disorders (CKD-MBD) is a slowly progressive complication of CKD occurring over many years. The kidneys are unable to maintain normal levels of calcium and phosphate and respond to the hormones needed to maintain healthy bones. CKD–MBD is a common problem in people with stage 3 CKD onwards and affects almost all patients receiving dialysis. This article explains why renal bone disease occurs, the problems it can cause for patients affected and provides practical tips on how to identify people at risk and management options.
Transient ischaemic attack: act fast to reduce the risk of stroke
The White Paper, Saving lives: our healthier nation (1999), set out a target to reduce the death rate from coronary heart disease and related illnesses such as stroke by 40% in the under-75s by 2010; recent trends indicate that this target will be met. Although the past forty years have seen a significant reduction in age-standardised stroke mortality rates, stroke still accounts for around 53,000 deaths each year in the UK, with more than 9,500 of these occurring in the under-75s. This article reviews how we might reduce the huge burden of stroke by improving the management of transient ischaemic attack (TIA).
