Chronic liver disease is a problem for all of us. It develops silently, often taking many years to cause sufficient damage to be detectable or cause signs or symptoms for which a patient would seek attention. Primary care has a central role in improving the prevention and early detection of chronic liver disease. This special issue of the British Journal of Primary Care Nursing (BJPCN) and Primary Care Cardiovascular Journal on chronic liver disease is full of step-by-step guides and informative articles to give you the key information and tools to get to grips with this important condition.
Editorial 1 – Putting chronic liver disease on the primary care agenda
Fat: separating the facts from the fiction
Fat is an important part of the diet, providing fat-soluble vitamins and essential fatty acids, as well as a valuable source of energy or calories. Fat also increases the palatability and carries the flavour of many of our foods. The problem is, despite decades of public health campaigns, most of us still eat too much of the wrong fat. Understanding the different types of fat can help us to advise our patients on ways to optimise their diets.
In the balance: Testosterone deficiency and cardiovascular health
Male hypogonadism—also known as testosterone deficiency syndrome—occurs when the testes no longer produce enough testosterone. Testosterone deficiency may be an important factor in increasing a man’s cardiovascular risk. However, the symptoms are often overlooked in older men, both by primary healthcare professionals and by patients themselves.
After stroke: discharge is just the beginning
Like falling off a cliff’ or ‘falling into a black hole’. This is how stroke survivors and their carers often describe discharge from hospital back to their own home. Recognising this issue, the National Stroke Strategy recommended planned reviews to identify unmet needs for health and social care, and secondary prevention. This article discusses tools designed to help professionals to review the evolving needs of stroke survivors and their families.
Editorial
Last time I shared my thoughts with you, I was eagerly anticipating the Department of Health’s sexual health policy document for England. Indeed, since publication was promised for spring 2012, I was worried that my comments might be overtaken by events. But the policy will now appear some time this summer, and I am concerned that the resulting delay and uncertainty mean that there may be little time to ensure that we maintain standards of local contraception and sexual health services.
Breaking the vicious cycle of chronic pelvic pain
Chronic pelvic pain presents in general practice at the same rate as asthma and back pain, and is one of the most common reasons for referral to a gynaecologist. Since chronic pelvic pain is a symptom rather than a diagnosis, a thorough history and examination are essential to avoid a sometimes vicious cycle of referrals or investigations that only cause further anxiety for the patient.
Lessons from the Contraceptive CHOICE Project
Increased use of intrauterine contraceptives (IUCs) and implants for regular contraception could significantly reduce the incidence of unintended pregnancy. It has, however, proved challenging to promote use of these long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs) in clinical practice. This article explains how lessons from a successful project in the USA are being used to encourage the uptake of LARCs among women in Hull.
Time to think about women with epilepsy
Each year 2,500 women with epilepsy have a baby, and before they conceive only 46% are aware that their condition could affect their unborn child. It is essential to encourage women with epilepsy to think about contraception, conception and pregnancy, and the Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF) now includes an indicator for these very issues.
Taking the right route to ovarian cancer diagnosis
Recommendations from the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) aim to prompt rapid investigation of women with patterns of symptoms suggestive of ovarian cancer. But this is just one of a plethora of guidance for primary care, and incorporating it into our daily practice remains challenging. So how should we apply the NICE ovarian cancer guidelines to our patients?
Revealing the truth about labial reduction
Increasing numbers of healthy women are asking their GPs to refer them for labial reduction. This does not just have potentially important cost implications for service commissioners. There are also considerable ethical issues for GPs to consider before referring women for this form of female genital cosmetic surgery.
